This module is always available.
It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C
standard.
They are:
- acos (x)
-
Return the arc cosine of x.
- asin (x)
-
Return the arc sine of x.
- atan (x)
-
Return the arc tangent of x.
- atan2 (x, y)
-
Return atan(x / y).
- ceil (x)
-
Return the ceiling of x as a real.
- cos (x)
-
Return the cosine of x.
- cosh (x)
-
Return the hyperbolic cosine of x.
- exp (x)
-
Return e**x.
- fabs (x)
-
Return the absolute value of the real x.
- floor (x)
-
Return the floor of x as a real.
- fmod (x, y)
-
Return x % y.
- frexp (x)
-
Return the matissa and exponent for x. The mantissa is
positive.
- hypot (x, y)
-
Return the Euclidean distance, sqrt(x*x + y*y).
- ldexp (x, i)
-
Return x * (2**i).
- log (x)
-
Return the natural logarithm of x.
- log10 (x)
-
Return the base-10 logarithm of x.
- modf (x)
-
Return the fractional and integer parts of x. Both results
carry the sign of x. The integer part is returned as a real.
- pow (x, y)
-
Return x**y.
- sin (x)
-
Return the sine of x.
- sinh (x)
-
Return the hyperbolic sine of x.
- sqrt (x)
-
Return the square root of x.
- tan (x)
-
Return the tangent of x.
- tanh (x)
-
Return the hyperbolic tangent of x.
Note that frexp() and modf() have a different
call/return pattern than their C equivalents: they take a single
argument and return a pair of values, rather than returning their
second return value through an `output parameter' (there is no such
thing in Python).
The module also defines two mathematical constants:
- pi
-
The mathematical constant pi.
- e
-
The mathematical constant e.
See Also:
Module cmath (Complex number versions of many of these functions.)
